Today, that spirit is still alive and well with the more than 10,700 Soldiers of the Tennessee Army National Guard. They serve as full partners with active duty American men and women, worldwide, to make up the “Total Force” of American defense.

America simply cannot defend herself or go to war without the National Guard.

Tennessee is the home of the 278th Armored Cavalry Regiment, the 194th Engineer Brigade, the 30th Troop Command, and the 230th Sustainment Brigade.

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“The three stars are of pure white, representing the three grand divisions of the state. They are bound together by the endless circle of the blue field the symbol being three bound together in one-an indissoluble trinity The large field is crimson. The final blue bar relieves the sameness of the crimson field and prevents the flag from showing too much creation when hanging limp. The white edgings contrast more strongly the other colors.”

This flag was adopted as the official flag of the State of Tennessee by an act of the Legislature passed and approved April 17, 1905. The design of the flag was described by that act, Chapter 498 of the Public Acts of 1905, as follows:

An oblong flag or banner in length one and two thirds times its width, the large or principal field of same to be of color red, but said flag or banner ending at its free or outer end in a perpendicular bar of blue, of uniform width, running from side to side; that is to say, from top to bottom of said flag or banner, and separated from the red field by a narrow margin or stripe of white of uniform width; the width of the white stripe to be one-fifth that of the blue bar; and the total width of the bar and stripe together to be equal to one-eighth of the width of the flag.

In the center of the red field shall be a smaller circular field of blue, separated from the surrounding red field by a circular margin or stripe of white of uniform width and of the same width as the straight margin or stripe first mentioned. The breadth or diameter of the circular blue field, exclusive of the white margin, shall be equal to one-half of the width of the flag. Inside the circular blue field shall be three five-pointed stars of white distributed at equal intervals around a point, the center of the blue field and of such size and arrangement that one point of each star shall approach as closely as practicable without actually touching one point of each of the other two around the center point of the field; and the two outer points of each star shall approach as nearly as practicable without actually touching the periphery of the blue field. The arrangement of the three stars shall be such that the centers of no two stars shall be in a line parallel to either the side or end of the flag, but intermediate between same; and the highest star shall be the one nearest the upper confined corner of the flag.

SYMBOLISM

Those familiar with Tennessee’s geography and politics have no trouble identifying the meaning of the three stars. Culturally and geologically, East, Middle, and West Tennessee are as different as any three state could be. Yet non-Tennesseans are often confused about the symbolism of the tri-star flag.

In its October 1917 issue, National Geographic magazine featured a colorful and detailed article about the flags of the world. The author of the article was apparently not familiar with Tennessee, and, rather than consulting Tennessee sources for an explanation of her flag, he seems to have invented a theory based upon the coincidence that Tennessee was the sixteenth state to be admitted to the American Union, i.e the third after the original thirteen.

The National Geographic article was so widely circulated, and the prestige of that journal is so great, that this erroneous notion of Tennessee’s three stars became widely accepted. As a result, in 1920 John Trotwood Moore, director of the Tennessee Department of Library, Archives, and History (now the State Library and Archives), asked the flag’s designer to explain the meaning of the stars. After reasserting that the stars represented the Grand Divisions of the state, Captain Reeves went on to say:

“I remember to have seen published in the past a statement that the three stars were intended to represent the fact that Tennessee, which was the sixteenth state to be admitted, was the third state after the original thirteen I had nothing of the kind in mind when I designed the flag prior to its adoption in 1905.”

Ever since, every publication by the state of Tennessee on the design and meaning of the Tennessee flag has emphasized that the stars represent the Grand Divisions of the state. Yet the misinformation published in the National Geographic in 1917 continues to be republished by sources outside of Tennessee.

“Which Way Is Up?”

Another common problem with the Tennessee flag is the issue of “which way is up,” Despite the generally good example of the state government, as often as not Tennesseans will fly their flag upside down. The United States Postal Service helped to compound the problem in 1976, when a series of postage stamps were issued featuring the flags of the states.

The Tennessee flag stamp displayed the flag upside down. Despite protests by state officials, the Postal Service insisted that the stamp was correct, and continued to print Tennessee’s flag belly-up.

The Tennessee flag law specifies:

The arrangement of the three (3) stars shall be such that the centers of no two stars shall be in a line parallel to either the side or the end of the flag, but intermediate between the same; and the highest star shall be the one nearest the upper confined corner of the flag.

The law also specifies that the circular blue field, not including the white margin, is to have a diameter equal to one-half the width of the flag. Flag manufacturers often ignore that specification, and at times flags can be seen on which the blue disc occupies almost all of the red field.

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If you’re not a member of the Tennessee National Guard and you plan on joining the Tennessee Army National Guard or Air National Guard, you should contact a recruiter to find a Tennessee National Guard unit that has a vacancy with your MOS/AFSC. Thanks for your interest in our Program.

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The volunteer spirit and Tennessee, an inseparable combination since 1780 when Colonel John Sevier called for “100 good men”—and 200 answered—has been a source of pride for generations of Tennesseans. Today, that spirit is still alive and well with the Tennessee National Guard, the Tennessee Emergency Management Agency, and the Tennessee State Guard. Almost 15,000 Tennessee men and women are members of the Tennessee Army and Air National Guard. They serve as full partners with active duty American men and women, worldwide, to make up the “Total Force” of American defense. As we have seen since September 11, 2001, America simply cannot defend herself or go to war without the National Guard. Since that time, more than 5,000 citizen soldiers and airmen have answered the call to active duty.

The Tennessee Emergency Management Agency is the agency of state government responsible for managing the state’s response to emergencies and disasters that affect the citizens of Tennessee and/or its local governments.

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The Tennessee National Guard Counterdrug Division urges citizens to organize their communities and establish a unified stance against the dangers of illicit drugs pose. Work with your local law enforcement and local community groups to establish sustained grass roots coalitions that impact deadly drug abuse inflicted upon our homeland. As our Guard men and women combat ready to fight the terror induced by the drug plague, so should each of you as citizen soldiers in you own right. Raise a personal banner and sound the call that illegal drugs will not destroy your communities. Awareness and action is the first step toward defeating the demoralizing threat drug abuse brings to your surroundings.

The soldiers and airmen of the Counterdrug Division have served the state for 15 years defending our citizenry against the cancer of illicit drug abuse. The Tennessee National Guard Counterdrug Division reflects the truest visage of the Guard’s creed – “Citizen Soldiers at Their Best!”

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Headquarters Tennessee Air National Guard is the senior staff, directly responsible to
and acting on behalf of the Adjutant General, providing evaluations, issuing resolutions,
action recommendations, and command and control of the State’s units.

The mission of the 118th Wing is providing the U.S. Air Force with its most comprehensive Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Wing. This is accomplished through the synergistic efforts of highly trained citizen airmen aligned within specific mission-oriented groups. Each group is poised to carry out the directives of higher headquarters through the disciplines of remotely piloted aircraft, intelligence/targeting and cyber/ISR resources.

The 134th Air Refueling Wing in Knoxville, flying the KC-135 Stratotanker, provides the core aerial refueling capability for the United State Air Force and supports refueling operations throughout the world.

The 164th Airlift Wing in Memphis, flies the C-17 Globemaster, a smaller version of the unit’s former aircraft, the C-5. The C-17 is a logistics military transport aircraft designed to provide world-wide massive strategic airlift.

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Headquarters Tennessee Air National Guard is the senior staff, directly responsible to and acting on behalf of the Adjutant General, providing evaluations, issuing resolutions, action recommendations, and command and control of the State’s units.

Brig. Gen. Don Johnson currently serves as the Assistant Adjutant General, Air for Tennessee.

Tennessee distinctively has three flying wings and two geographically seperated units in the Volunteer State.

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